Physical therapy Treatment
Guided by the assessment findings, the physiotherapist will then
develop and facilitate a treatment plan. Aside from the various
physiotherapeutic teachniques involved in therapy, the treatment
regimen may include prescribing and advice regarding assistive walking
devices; should consider functional progress; and include ongoing
review and refinement. Patient education is a key aspect of all
treatment plans.
It is difficult to explore the many aspects of physiotherapeutic
treatment options, especially considering their ongoing development
in the face of an increasing research base. Nonetheless, some examples
of treatment options are listed below.
Musculoskeletal physiotherapy
Various therapeutic physiotherapy modalities are available, including
exercise prescription (strength, motor control, stretching and endurance),
manual techniques, soft tissue massage, and various forms of so-called
"electrophysical agents" (such as cryotherapy, heat therapy
and electrotherapy).
Despite ongoing research giving a clearer picture
regarding the use of various modalities in specific conditions,
the benefits of electrotherapy are widely debated.
The practice of physical therapy should not be defined
by the use of modalities but rather the integration of examination,
history, and analysis of movement dysfunction.
Cardiopulmonary physiotherapy
Cardiopulmonary physiotherapists work with patients in a variety
of settings. They treat acute problems like asthma, acute chest
infections and trauma; they are involved in the preparation and
recovery of patients from major surgery; they also treat a wide
range of chronic cardiac and respiratory conditions like Chronic
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis (CF) and post-myocardial
infarction (MI). They work with all ages from premature babies to
older adults at the end of their life. Physiotherapists are pioneering
new management techniques for non-organic respiratory problems like
hyperventilation and other stress-related disorders as well as leading
the development of cardio-pulmonary rehabilitation and non-invasive
ventilation.
Cardiopulmonary physiotherapists use physical modalities
to treat people. This may involve using manual techniques to clear
infected mucus from a person's chest, or using non-invasive ventilation
to help a person breathe, or prescribing exercises to improve a
patient's functional exercise capacity.
Neurological physiotherapy
Treatment in neurological conditions is typically based
upon exercises to restore motor function through attempting
to overcome motor deficits and improve motor patterns.
To achieve this aim various theoretical frameworks have
been promoted, each based upon inferences drawn from
basic and clinical science research. Whilst some of
these have remained static, others are designed to take
into account new developments, perhaps the most notable
example being the "movement science" framework.
The various philosophies often generate considerable
debate
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